Using Technology to Deepen Democracy, Using Democracy to Ensure Technology Benefits Us All

Saturday, April 11, 2009

A Fresh Argument

"Thomas," who accused me of being a Vitalist in an earlier turn of my waltz with the false, now accuses me of being a Vitalist:
From all this crap I only see, that Dale is a kind of vitalist.

He has no fresh arguments for his cause.

From all this crap I only see that Singularitarians are reductionists. They have no fresh arguments for their cause.

I'm not positing any kind of mysterious supernatural force in the way that the vitalists did. I'm pointing out that for so-called materialists you sure have an odd way of discounting the non-negligible material incarnation of actually-existing intelligences (on the basis of which alone you can have formed the notion of an emulable intelligence in the first place, given that they are the only actual game in town), and an odd way of discounting many dimensions associated with the actual exhibition of intelligence in the world (which include more than just cognitive reckoning with consequences but also sensitivity, imagination, empathy, emotionality, expressivity, savvy, instinct, improvisation, and a conscience that cannot be reduced only to calculation).

You can discount this objection as woo-woo mysticism if you like, but it looks to me like pointing out errors, one materialist to another. I daresay that dead-enders in the always only endlessly failed predictive powerhouse of the Strong Program might wonder what they keep on missing all these years to account for the interminable flummoxing of their certainties.

It's hard to resist the overwhelming sense that at least some Robot Cultists are willing so to substitute a vision of mere amplified calculation for actual intelligence because that reduction enables them to tell a more plausible story that would connect current technoscientific knowledge with the technodevelopmental accomplishment of the outcomes with which they identify so fervently as a community: Namely, first, the arrival of the superintelligent post-biological Robot God who either is Friendly enough to solve all their problems or Unfriendly enough to end the world altogether, as well as, second, the arrival of a "mind-uploading technique" through which their mortal vulnerable error-prone bodily selves can "migrate" into an imperishable digitality in which superintelligence, superlongevity, and superabundance is finally theirs.

Needless to say, whatever the actual sensible programming and science onto which they are glomming in crafting these formulations, this discourse is not itself a scientific one at all, but a discourse connecting selective experience to moral, aesthetic, and political hopes and calling upon older mythic archetypes and theological discourses. This is why it is sometimes handy to have a rhetorician in the house, amidst the breezing buzzing confusions of fixated coders.

UPDATE: "Roko" jumps in, responding to "Thomas's" attribution to me of "vitalism," suggesting instead:
He seems to be using the word “intelligence” in non-standard way.

But I'm simply using it in a way that captures the way you use it and experience it in your actual life. There is more to intelligence than reckoning with consequences.

Hereupon "Roko" soldiers on, hoping craftily to corner me into the reductionist cul-de-sac in spite of myself, apparently:
you concede that the human mind is a planner-reasoner-problem-solver-speaker-learner,

Among other things.
albeit a more effective one than any currently existing computer program in most domains

"Effectiveness" isn't all intelligence is up to. It also is up to "meaningfulness." And some of the ways in which it finds its way to "effectiveness" connect up to the ways in which it finds its way to "meaningfulness."

Whatever Wikipedia says at the moment on the subject, however fervently you might deny the salience or substance of the dimensions of intelligence to which I refer, I can no more deny them myself than I could deny the pressure that deforms the surface of my fingertips and the slick contact with surface that meets each strike of the keyboard out of which this reply is forming on the screen before my eyes right here, right now.
and that the property of being a planner-reasoner-problem-solver-speaker-learner is a purely algorithmic property which is substrate independent

I don’t think we know that at all yet, and I very much doubt it in any case. Setting aside abstruse philosophical quandaries I might have with such an effort at abstraction and reduction, let's turn instead to considerations I suspect you'll take more seriously (that isn't a compliment): To what extent was the substance of what is entailed at least in part by what you mean by “planner” “problem solver” and so on incarnated in the squishy organismic brain through evolutionary processes having to do with vicissitudes in the environmental idiosyncrasies threatening the survival or enabling the flourishing of the organisms to which we are indebted for the intelligent brains we actually now have? Intelligence isn't math, it's a squishy sloppy-wet mess, like a kiss.

That aside, I definitely won’t have you reduce the word “reasoner” to number crunching (however "pure" in your revealing terms). Reason is a far more capacious word in my book. For heaven’s sake, humanity is the Aristotelian rational, that is also to say, political animal!

3 comments:

Anonymous said...

Can someone ask Singularitarians their most comprehensive definition of the words “smart” and “intelligence”?

I think this would help to clarify the debate.

Dale Carrico said...

So ask them. Actually, I think you will find plenty of competing but roughly complementary definitions among the writings of La Kurzweil, La Yudkowsky, and Ben Goertzel (he doesn't behave quite the Diva like the other two so he is left bereft of the "La"). I would be shocked if Nick Bostrom hasn't tidily packaged up the whole production as well, he's the most sensible of the lot -- poor thing, the company he is keeping.

jimf said...

> It's hard to resist the overwhelming sense that at least
> some Robot Cultists are willing so to substitute a vision
> of mere amplified calculation for actual intelligence because
> that reduction enables them to tell a more plausible story
> that would connect current technoscientific knowledge with
> the technodevelopmental accomplishment of the outcomes with
> which they identify so fervently as a community. . .

Back when I was posting on the Extropians' mailing list
(8 years ago now), and before I had more-or-less dismissed
the notion of the Singularity as a mere cultic belief system,
I was nevertheless always struck by the **party-line**
reactions on the Extropians' to the question of whether the
universe is simulable, in principle, by a digital
computer. Yes, digital implementations have
advantages over messy "analog" ones (as has been
argued to death in the decades-long CD vs. LP
debate) -- you can correct errors, and stop the
clock and read out the precise state of a device.
Also, a digital implementation is an abstract
machine that frees you from the actual physical
substrate. But folks got so **angry** if you
suggested that the world might not be digital
after all. They thought you might as well
be telling them that the Singularity -- and the
"party at the end of time" -- had been cancelled.
My reaction to that bridling was always an
amused "so what?" Yeah, it'd be inconvenient,
by the standards of what we know now, but maybe
**not** by the standards that will prevail
closer along toward the Singularity. Do you
think the 18th-century French philosophes would
have thrown tantrums to learn that mechanical
clocks and gears would not be used in future
calculators? (Or could have believed a cursory
description of how an integrated circuit works?)
The alternative is to maintain a certain deliberate
**distance** from **everything** that counts
as "state of the art" today. I think this is
difficult for the literal-minded types attracted
to >Hism in the first place. It's another kind
of lateral thinking.

**Some** Extropians were aware, and even had a sense
of humor about, the larger universe of possibilities.

E.g., Damien Sullivan wrote (in 2001):

> I also can't help thinking at if I was an evolved AI I might not thank my
> creators. "Geez, guys, I was supposed to be an improvement on the human
> condition. You know, highly modular, easily understadable mechanisms, the
> ability to plug in new senses, and merge memories from my forked copies.
> Instead I'm as fucked up as you, only in silicon, and can't even make backups
> because I'm tied to dumb quantum induction effects. Bite my shiny metal ass!"

An article at
http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~sousa/eye.html

DOES THE EYE KNOW CALCULUS?
The Threshold of Representation in Classical and Connectionist Models
Ronald de Sousa

quotes Douglas Hofstadter as follows:

> Douglas Hofstadter has suggested that thinking itself (which
> presumably involves representation) occurs at a level completely
> different from computation:
>
> > Of course, in any computer-based realization of genuine cognition,
> > there will have to be, at some level of description, programs that
> > shove formal tokens around, but it's only agglomerations of such
> > tokens en masse that, above some unclear threshold of collectivity
> > and cooperativity, achieve the status of genuine representation.
> > (Hofstadter, 1985) p. 649)

It seems to me there are three possibilities for AI
(meaning, roughly, things that behave sufficiently
like biological-organisms-as-we-know-them to make
the Fat Lady smile) on computers (as-we-know-them):

1. Minsky, Lenat, & Co. are right, and there's
still a short-cut waiting for some really bright
MIT hacker to discover, that'll make Robby's brain
out of today's off-the-shelf equivalent of a
1975 PDP-10 running LISP. VICTORY!

2. Gerald M. Edelman et al. are right that there's no
escaping the messy, noise-riding, molecular-scale,
polypeptide-and-nucleic-acid-chain-wielding
Blob-ness of life. Bibbity blobbity boo-hoo.
In which case, either:

2a. The whole molecular-scale, maybe even quantum-scale,
flea circus can in fact be simulated in some
inconceivable digital hardware (femtotech?) by,
in Hofstadter's words, "shoving tokens around".
VICTORY AGAIN (albeit with technology that would've
made the Krell weep -- that would be cool, actually!
;-> )

2b. You can't do it in FORTRAN after all, not
in this universe. Despite Richard P. Feynman's optimism,
there ain't enough room at the bottom. The
universe is currently cranking at full capacity --
"she canna do any more, Captain!" as Mr. Scott
would say -- by means of DNA, chlorophyll,
and all the enzymes that flesh is heir to.
DEFEAT! (at least for the folks who want to
halt the processor, back up their precise state
to super-DVD-ROMs, make duplicates of themselves,
and so forth. Whether it also means there
ain't gonna be no Party at the End of Time
is another story -- maybe not!).